Publication Type

Journal Article

Version

acceptedVersion

Publication Date

10-2009

Abstract

What is a “rational” decision? Economists traditionally viewed rationality as maximizing expected satisfaction. This view has been useful in modeling basic microeconomic concepts, but falls short in accounting for many everyday human decisions. It leaves unanswered why some things reliably make people more satisfied than others, and why people frequently act to make others happy at a cost to themselves. Drawing on an evolutionary perspective, we propose that people make decisions according to a set of principles that may not appear to make sense at the superficial level, but that demonstrate rationality at a deeper evolutionary level. By this, we mean that people use adaptive domain-specific decision-rules that, on average, would have resulted in fitness benefits. Using this framework, we re-examine several economic principles. We suggest that traditional psychological functions governing risk aversion, discounting of future benefits, and budget allocations to multiple goods, for example, vary in predictable ways as a function of the underlying motive of the decision-maker and individual differences linked to evolved life-history strategies. A deep rationality framework not only helps explain why people make the decisions they do, but also inspires multiple directions for future research.

Keywords

gender-differences, sex-differences, physical attractiveness, probabilistic rewards, parental investment, mate preferences, romantic motives, trade-offs, perspective, cognition

Discipline

Personality and Social Contexts | Social Psychology

Research Areas

Psychology

Publication

Social Cognition

Volume

27

Issue

5

First Page

764

Last Page

785

ISSN

0278-016X

Identifier

10.1521/soco.2009.27.5.764

Publisher

Guilford

Copyright Owner and License

Authors

Additional URL

https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2009.27.5.764

Share

COinS