Publication Type

Journal Article

Version

acceptedVersion

Publication Date

1-2021

Abstract

Objectives: Despite the rising prevalence of dementia, little research has been conducted to identify modifiable psychological factors that alleviate the risk of dementia in older adults and the underlying mechanisms. Given that loneliness is, in part, concomitant with a weakened sense of control, we examined whether sense of control would mediate the relation between loneliness and dementia risk. Further, considering that working -memory capacity is a critical cognitive resource that serves as a buffer against age-related cognitive decline, we examined a second-order moderated mediational model whereby working-memory capacity moderates the relation between control beliefs and dementia risk in older adults. Methods: We administered a series of measures to older community-dwelling adults (ages 60–93; N = 69), including the participant-rated AD8 to assess the risk of dementia. Using the PROCESS macro, we examined the moderated mediation model for the relation between loneliness, sense of control, and dementia risk. Results: We found that sense of control significantly mediated the relation between loneliness and risk of dementia. Moreover, the indirect effect of loneliness on dementia risk via lowered sense of control was significant only in individuals with poorer working-memory capacity. Notably, these findings held true when important covariates were controlled for. Conclusions: Our findings underscore the critical role of control beliefs and working memory in protecting against dementia risk. Clinical implications: Our findings have implications for intervention programs that target alleviating dementia risk and promoting healthy aging in older adults by improving socioemotional health and cognitive functioning.

Keywords

control beliefs, dementia, loneliness, perceived constraints, working memory

Discipline

Applied Behavior Analysis | Gerontology | Social Psychology

Research Areas

Psychology

Publication

Clinical Gerontologist

Volume

44

Issue

4

First Page

392

Last Page

405

ISSN

0731-7115

Identifier

10.1080/07317115.2020.1799891

Publisher

Taylor & Francis

Copyright Owner and License

Authors

Additional URL

https://doi.org/10.1080/07317115.2020.1799891

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