Publication Type

Working Paper

Version

publishedVersion

Publication Date

10-2008

Abstract

This paper develops an approach for quantifying the relative importance of different sources of comparative advantage for country welfare in a global trade equilibrium. To explain the pattern of specialization, I present a multi-country, perfectly-competitive Ricardian model that extends Eaton and Kortum (2002) to predict industry trade flows. In this framework, comparative advantage is determined by the interaction of country and industry characteristics, with countries specializing in industries whose specific production needs they are best able to meet with their factor endowments, institutional environment, and technological strengths. I estimate the model parameters using a large dataset of bilateral trade flows, comprising 82 countries and 20 manufacturing industries. I present results from a baseline OLS approach, and a simulated method of moments (SMM) procedure that takes into account the prevalence of zero trade flows in the data. The SMM estimates imply large average welfare gains from a hypothetical reduction in distance barriers, with developing countries benefiting substantially more than the OECD. I also examine the induced shift in industry composition when countries raise their factor endowments or improve the quality of their institutions, and quantify the welfare gains generated by such policy moves.

Keywords

Comparative advantage, Factor endowments, Gravity, Institutional determinants of trade, Ricardian model, Simulated method of moments

Discipline

International Economics

Research Areas

International Economics

First Page

1

Last Page

50

Publisher

SMU Economics and Statistics Working Paper Series, No. 13-2008

City or Country

Singapore

Copyright Owner and License

Authors

Comments

Published in Journal of International Economics, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2010.07.004

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