Deep reinforcement learning for UAV routing in the presence of multiple charging stations
Publication Type
Journal Article
Publication Date
5-2023
Abstract
Deploying Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for traffic monitoring has been a hotspot given their flexibility and broader view. However, a UAV is usually constrained by battery capacity due to limited payload. On the other hand, the development of wireless charging technology has allowed UAVs to replenish energy from charging stations.In this paper, we study a UAV routing problem in the presence of multiple charging stations (URPMCS) with the objective of minimizing the total distance traveled by the UAV during traffic monitoring. We present a deep reinforcement learning based method, where a multi-head heterogeneous attention mechanism is designed to facilitate learning a policy that automatically and sequentially constructs the route, while taking the energy consumption into account. In our method, two types of attentions are leveraged to learn the relations between monitoring targets and charging station nodes, adopting an encoder-decoder-like policy network. Moreover, we also employ a curriculum learning strategy to enhance generalization to different numbers of charging stations. Computational results show that our method outperforms conventional algorithms with higher solution quality (except for exact methods such as Gurobi) and shorter runtime in general, and also exhibits strong generalized performance on problem instances with different distributions and sizes.
Keywords
Routing, Monitoring, Charging stations, Autonomous aerial vehicles, Reinforcement learning, Vehicle routing, Mathematical programming, Combinatorial optimization problems, deep reinforcement learning, heuristics, UAV routing
Discipline
Management Information Systems
Research Areas
Intelligent Systems and Optimization
Publication
IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
Volume
72
Issue
5
First Page
5732
Last Page
5746
ISSN
0018-9545
Identifier
10.1109/TVT.2022.3232607
Publisher
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Citation
FAN, Mingfeng; WU, Yaoxin; LIAO, Tianjun; CAO, Zhiguang; GUO, Hongliang; SARTORETTI, Guillaume; and WU, Guohua.
Deep reinforcement learning for UAV routing in the presence of multiple charging stations. (2023). IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. 72, (5), 5732-5746.
Available at: https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/8205
Additional URL
https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2022.3232607