Publication Type

Working Paper

Version

publishedVersion

Publication Date

6-2023

Abstract

This working paper is entirely comprised of a timeline table that begins in 2002 and runs through mid-2023. Across these two decades, this timeline traces the evolutionary development of the following:

  • The early Singapore R&D efforts to apply software-based image analysis algorithms and methods to analyse eye retina images for diabetic retinopathy and other eye diseases. This was based on a collaboration between the Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI) and its parent organization, the Singapore National Eye Centre (SNEC), with faculty from the School of Computing at National University of Singapore.
  • The establishment and operation of the Singapore Integrated Diabetic Retinopathy Programme (SiDRP), which was a new approach at that time for standardizing and improving the way eye retina images from public healthcare facilities were evaluated by a centralized team of human readers at SNEC.
  • The development of the 1st generation Singapore Eye LEsioN Analyzer (SELENA) for automatically evaluating eye retina images and the subsequent development of the 2nd generation SELENA+ software system that used a Deep Learning neural network architecture and convolutional neural network methods to substantially improve the ability of the software to detect diabetic retinopathy and several other eye diseases.
  • The scientific evaluation of the performance of SELENA+ using SiDRP data as well as datasets from other parts of the world.
  • The multi-step transition of incorporating SELANA+ into the SiDRP workflow through various testing phases and then into full-scale production usage. This involved strong partnerships across SERI, SNEC, several public healthcare institutions and Singapore’s national healthtech agency, Integrated Health Information Systems (IHiS).
  • The formation of a start-up company called EyRis to take on the responsibility for gaining regulatory approval for using SELENA+ in Singapore and elsewhere in the world as well. Additionally, EyRis would be responsible for packaging and supporting SELENA+ as a commercial product for use domestically within Singapore as well as internationally.
  • The trajectory of EyRis as it gained regulatory approval in more countries and as it developed a growing network of partnerships and alternative approaches for bringing the SELENA+ solution to various markets.

Keywords

Artificial intelligence, AI, eye screening, Singapore National Eye Centre, deep learning neural network, Singapore Integrated Diabetic Retinopathy Programme

Discipline

Artificial Intelligence and Robotics | Asian Studies | Health Information Technology | Optometry

Research Areas

Information Systems and Management

First Page

1

Last Page

32

Embargo Period

6-11-2023

Copyright Owner and License

Authors

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