Publication Type

Journal Article

Version

acceptedVersion

Publication Date

4-2018

Abstract

Face authentication has been widely available on smartphones, tablets, and laptops. As numerous personal images are published in online social networks (OSNs), OSN-based facial disclosure (OSNFD) creates significant threat against face authentication. We make the first attempt to quantitatively measure OSNFD threat to real-world face authentication systems on smartphones, tablets, and laptops. Our results show that the percentage of vulnerable users that are subject to spoofing attacks is high, which is about 64% for laptop users, and 93% smartphone/tablet users. We investigate liveness detection methods in the real-world face authentication systems against OSNFD threat. We discover that under protection of liveness detection, the percentage of vulnerable images is 18.8%, but the percentage of vulnerable users is as high as 73.3%. This evidence suggests that the current face authentication systems are not strong enough under OSNFD attacks. Finally, we develop a risk estimation tool based on logistic regression, and analyze the impacts of key attributes of facial images on the OSNFD risk. Our statistical analysis reveals that the most influential attributes of facial images are image resolution, facial makeup, occluded eyes, and illumination. This tool can be used to evaluate OSNFD risk for OSN images to increase users’ awareness of OSNFD.

Keywords

liveness detection, Face authentication, online social networks, OSN-based facial disclosure

Discipline

Computer Sciences | Information Security

Research Areas

Cybersecurity

Publication

IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing

Volume

15

Issue

2

First Page

231

Last Page

245

ISSN

1545-5971

Identifier

10.1109/TDSC.2016.2550459

Publisher

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

Copyright Owner and License

Authors

Additional URL

https://doi.org/10.1109/TDSC.2016.2550459

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