AI systems for physicians: A review from socio-technical and human-computer interaction perspectives
Publication Type
Conference Proceeding Article
Version
acceptedVersion
Publication Date
1-2026
Abstract
The adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is accelerating, yet successful implementations of physician-facing AI systems remain limited and uneven. This paper presents a literature review of 40 peer-reviewed studies published between November 2022 and November 2024, spanning clinical, technical, and human-computer interaction (HCI) domains. Anchored in a socio-technical perspective, the review examines our existing understanding of how technical design, user expertise, and organizational factors shape the effectiveness of AI systems in real-world clinical settings. Our analysis identifies two meta-themes: (1) context as a dynamic, multi-level influence that actively reshapes AI system behavior, and (2) trust as an emergent property that evolves over time through clinician experience, team dynamics, and institutional feedback. These insights challenge static models of implementation and highlight the need for adaptive governance mechanisms that support continuous monitoring, runtime oversight, and trust calibration. We propose actionable recommendations for healthcare leaders, implementation teams, and assurance functions, and propose future research directions grounded in control theory, organizational learning, and complex adaptive systems theory. By integrating perspectives from HCI and clinical informatics, this review provides a foundation for designing AI systems that not only are technically robust, trustworthy, and sustainable but also have contextual awareness capabilities in high-stakes healthcare environments.
Keywords
Human-AI interaction, Physician-facing AI, Socio-technical systems, Adaptive governance
Discipline
Artificial Intelligence and Robotics | Databases and Information Systems
Research Areas
Intelligent Systems and Optimization
Areas of Excellence
Digital transformation
Publication
Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCII 2025, Gothenburg, Sweden, June 22-27
First Page
165
Last Page
182
ISBN
9783032131669
Identifier
10.1007/978-3-032-13167-6_12
Publisher
Springer
City or Country
Cham
Citation
YOUNG, Wu Jiaqi and NAH, Fiona Fui-hoon.
AI systems for physicians: A review from socio-technical and human-computer interaction perspectives. (2026). Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCII 2025, Gothenburg, Sweden, June 22-27. 165-182.
Available at: https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/10876
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 International License.
Additional URL
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-13167-6_12