Publication Type

Journal Article

Version

submittedVersion

Publication Date

2-2025

Abstract

When interacting with others in unfamiliar sociocultural settings, people need to learn the norms guiding appropriate behavior. The present research investigates an individual difference that helps this kind of learning: stress reactivity. Interactions in an unfamiliar sociocultural setting are stressful, particularly when the actor fails to follow its rules. Although stress is typically considered a liability, more stress-reactive individuals may be more motivated to improve, and, thus, quicker to learn these rules. Consistent with this idea, a pilot study found that people genetically inclined to stress reactivity, as computed by a genetic profile score across 59 single nucleotide polymorphisms on ten different genes, learned unfamiliar sociocultural norms from experiential feedback at a faster rate (i.e., exhibited a greater increase in accuracy across trials). Study 1 found that participants with higher acute cortisol reactivity in response to a physical stressor were faster at learning unfamiliar sociocultural norms. Study 2 conceptually replicated these results using a self-report measure of dispositional stress reactivity. Study 3 found that self-reported dispositional stress reactivity similarly predicted the rate of learning in a sociocultural task and a non-social task. Study 4 provided evidence for the underlying mechanism—participants higher on dispositional stress reactivity experienced more stress early in the cultural norm learning task, which predicted faster learning overall and lower stress later on in the task. These findings indicate that more stress-reactive individuals get more stressed out from the negative feedback that they receive in social interactions in unfamiliar settings, which motivates them to learn the relevant norms.

Keywords

stress reactivity, culture, learning, norms, cortisol

Discipline

Organizational Behavior and Theory | Organization Development

Research Areas

Organisational Behaviour and Human Resources

Areas of Excellence

Growth in Asia

Publication

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

First Page

1

Last Page

68

ISSN

0022-3514

Identifier

10.1037/pspi0000487

Publisher

American Psychological Association

Embargo Period

12-16-2024

Copyright Owner and License

Authors

Additional URL

https://doi.org/10.1037/pspi0000487

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