Services
Publication Type
Book Chapter
Publication Date
5-2025
Abstract
This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the services chapters in free trade agreements (FTAs). It starts with an overview of the rise of services FTAs in the past two decades and the convergence of services and investment disciplines in FTAs. This is followed by an in-depth discussion of the architectural issues, especially the innovations on the scheduling approach and the modes of supply. The chapter then discusses the key obligations of market access and national treatment, along with related issues such as local presence and local content requirements, export performance and other performance requirements, technology transfer, and nationality and residence requirements for senior management and board of directors. The next section deals with domestic regulations and various good governance provisions, such as transparency requirements. The chapter concludes with new issues such as mutual recognition, service subsidies, safeguards, and exception clauses.
Keywords
International economic law, national treatments, international co-operation, international trade
Discipline
International Law | International Trade Law
Publication
The International Law of Economic Integration
Editor
Julien Chaisse & Christoph Herrmann
First Page
1015
Last Page
1031
ISBN
9780192871626
Identifier
10.1093/law/9780192871626.003.0062
Publisher
Oxford University Press
City or Country
Oxford
Citation
GAO, Henry S..
Services. (2025). The International Law of Economic Integration. 1015-1031.
Available at: https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sol_research/4803
Additional URL
https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780192871626.003.0062