Publication Type

PhD Dissertation

Version

publishedVersion

Publication Date

5-2026

Abstract

With the rapid popularization of distributed photovoltaic power, traditional community energy systems are facing problems such as high photovoltaic power rejection rate, insufficient utilization of peak-valley electricity price differences, and low energy resource collaboration efficiency. To improve the energy utilization efficiency of communities and promote the coordinated development of multiple energy types, this paper constructs a multi-scenario cooperation model and revenue distribution verification model consisting of a family smart energy alliance and a community energy service provider (CES) that includes household energy storage and electric vehicles (EVs).

First, based on differences in household energy resource configurations, community households are categorized into four types: (1) households without distributed photovoltaics, home storage, or electric vehicles (EVs); (2) households with distributed photovoltaics but without home storage or EVs; (3) households with both distributed photovoltaics and home storage but without EVs; and (4) households equipped with distributed photovoltaics, home storage, and EVs. A collaborative model within the household alliance is then established. Through mechanisms such as local photovoltaic consumption, home storage arbitrage, and bidirectional EV charging and discharging (V2G), optimal internal energy allocation within the community is achieved. Next, a large-scale shared energy storage system (CES) is introduced to build a new cooperative model between CES and the household alliance. By uniformly coordinating surplus photovoltaic power and storage resources, overall community benefits are further enhanced. Finally, the Shapley Value method is applied to fairly distribute the alliance's gains, while marginal contribution analysis is used to evaluate each participant’s value creation capacity.

A case study was conducted based on the simulation data of 200 households with different energy types in a typical community. The results showed that after the formation of the family alliance, the community's electricity purchase cost could be significantly reduced, and the photovoltaic self-generation and self-consumption rate could be improved; with the addition of CES, the overall community revenue further increased, achieving a transition from local collaboration to global optimization. Among them, EV, as a mobile energy storage resource, has significant arbitrage value during peak hours, and significantly contributed to the growth of the total alliance revenue. The Shapley value allocation results indicated that each entity obtained higher revenues than in the non-cooperative situation, achieving individual rationality and alliance stability. Further sensitivity analysis revealed that time-of-use electricity pricing, EV penetration rate, CES revenue sharing ratio, and VPP business proportion were the key factors affecting the stability of the alliance.

The research demonstrates the feasibility of the collaborative operation of the household smart energy system and the CES, reveals the value creation mechanism of the community energy market with the participation of EVs, and provides theoretical basis and decision-making references for the design of community energy business models in the context of virtual power plants (VPP), community microgrids, and the new power system.

Keywords

Home Smart Energy System, Community Energy Service Provider, Home Energy Storage, Electric Vehicles, Shapley Value, Virtual Power Plant, Shared Energy Storage

Degree Awarded

SMU-SJTU Doctor of Business Administration

Discipline

Business Administration, Management, and Operations | Operations and Supply Chain Management

Supervisor(s)

LIM, Yun Fong

First Page

1

Last Page

92

Publisher

Singapore Management University

City or Country

Singapore

Copyright Owner and License

Author

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Available for download on Thursday, February 25, 2027

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