A matter of taste: Qi (vital energy) and the tending of the heart (xin) in Mencius 2A2
Publication Type
Book Chapter
Publication Date
1-2002
Abstract
MENCIUS2A2 offers an intriguing account of the relationship between the “heart” (xin) and qi — the “vital energy” that engenders and sustains life — and their role in self-cultivation. On the one hand, it portrays an ethical ideal marked by a heart — or “heart-mind,” as some translators prefer, taking into consideration both the affective and cognitive concerns that the concept of xin encompasses — that is firm and unwavering in its aims and direction. The assumption seems to be that qi acts as an unruly or prejudicial influence that would disturb the heart and, as such, must be tightly controlled and made to serve moral ends. On the other hand, the Mencius also discloses that a “floodlike qi” (haoranzhiqi) informs the ethically accomplished person. How is this different from qi, which presumably is not “floodlike” for most people, and how can it be attained? Is it the case that when the heart is ethically determined, qi would become “floodlike”? In this essay, I propose to examine Mencius2A2 afresh, building on the works of D. C. Lau, David Nivison, Jeffrey Riegel, Kwong-Loi Shun, and others, and in the light of some of the recently discovered Guodian texts. While the concept of qi is generally recognized to have an important role in Mencian ethics, the question remains whether it is viewed as a negative or positive influence and consequently how it relates to the process of self-cultivation. It is my submission that Mencius shared with his contemporaries a basic understanding of qi as constitutive of the person, but he differed from them in locating in it a source of moral excellence.
Discipline
Asian Studies | Philosophy
Research Areas
Integrative Research Areas
Publication
Mencius: Context and interpretation
Editor
CHAN, Alan K. L.
First Page
42
Last Page
71
Identifier
10.1515/9780824863609-004
Publisher
University of Hawaii Press
City or Country
Honolulu
Citation
CHAN, Alan Kam Leung.
A matter of taste: Qi (vital energy) and the tending of the heart (xin) in Mencius 2A2. (2002). Mencius: Context and interpretation. 42-71.
Available at: https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/cis_research/336
Additional URL
https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824863609-004