Publication Type

Journal Article

Version

submittedVersion

Publication Date

3-2019

Abstract

As a new form of regional multilateralism, the Belt and Road Initiative is China’s most significant strategic move for external engagement in international economic law, following its World Trade Organization accession. This paper analyses China’s approach towards the Belt and Road Initiative from a legal perspective, focusing on three questions: first, what is the proper scope of the Belt and Road Initiative? Second, is there an identifiable approach that China adopts in the Belt and Road Initiative context, and, if so, what is its key legal characteristic? Third, is China’s Belt and Road Initiative approach sustainable? Employing a functional approach in defining the Belt and Road Initiative, the article identifies three qualities to China’s approach to the Belt and Road Initiative: (i) that it is a hub-and-spoke network, (ii) it adopts a three-track institutional and mechanism approach, and (iii) a dual- track normative approach. Compared with the US trade approach (particularly the US–Mexico–Canada Agreement), these qualities reveal the key characteristic underpinning China’s Belt and Road Initiative approach: maximised flexibility regarding institutions and norms to address uncertainties and challenges in the Belt and Road Initiative. Such flexibility will likely assist in ensuring that China’s Belt and Road Initiative approach is sustainable by enabling trial-and-error, if properly managed. However, it also gives rise to concerns around China’s Belt and Road Initiative approach, especially as to its predictability, coherence, and transparency.

Keywords

China, Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), sustainability

Discipline

Asian Studies | International Trade Law

Research Areas

Public International Law, Regional and Trade Law

Publication

Journal of International Economic Law

Volume

22

Issue

1

First Page

29

Last Page

55

ISSN

1369-3034

Identifier

10.1093/jiel/jgy048

Publisher

Oxford University Press

Copyright Owner and License

Authors

Additional URL

https://doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgy048

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